贵妃醉酒1956
主演:梅兰芳 姜妙香
导演:董克娜 李秉忠
类型:爱情地区:中国大陆年份:1956
简介: 贵妃醉酒又名《百花亭》,源于乾隆时一部地方戏《醉杨妃》的京剧剧目,该剧经京剧大师梅兰芳倾尽毕生心血精雕细刻、加工点缀,是梅派经典代表剧目之一。 此剧本主要描写杨玉环醉后自赏怀春 贵妃醉酒又名《百花亭》,源于乾隆时一部地方戏《醉杨妃》的京剧剧目,该剧经京剧大师梅兰芳倾尽毕生心血精雕细刻、加工点缀,是梅派经典代表剧目之一。 此剧本主要描写杨玉环醉后自赏怀春的心态,表演色情,格调低俗。20世纪50年代,梅兰芳去芜存精,从人物情感变化入手,从美学角度纠正了它的非艺术倾向。剧中,杨玉环的饮酒从掩袖而饮到随意而饮,梅兰芳以外形动作的变化来表现这个失宠贵妃从内心苦闷、强自作态到不能自制、沉醉失态的心理变化过程。繁重的舞蹈举重若轻,像衔杯、卧鱼、醉步、扇舞等身段难度甚高,演来舒展自然,流贯着美的线条和韵律[1]。可惜梅兰芳拍摄京剧电影《贵妃醉酒》时虽然功力深厚,毕竟已年过花甲,对高难度动作有所改动。所幸梅派艺术后继有人,令该剧仍然常演常新。 剧源何处 有资料说此剧源自昆曲剧目,由其唱词结构可见一斑,尤已开场的[四平调]为京剧珍品。该剧的突出特征是载歌载舞,通过优美的歌舞动作,细致人微地将杨贵妃期盼、失望、孤独、怨恨的复杂心情一层层揭示出来。如杨贵妃前后三次的饮酒动作,便各有不同:第一次是用扇子遮住酒杯缓缓地啜;第二次是不用扇子遮而快饮;第三次是一仰而尽。之所以如此,是因为开始时她还怕宫人窃笑,因而故作矜持,掩饰着内心的苦闷;但酒入愁肠愁更愁,最后到酒已过量时,心中的懊恼、嫉恨、空虚……便一股脑地倾泄出来。再如三次“衔杯”的动作,也将杨贵妃从初醉到醺醺醉意细致入微地表现出来。这些歌舞化的动作,也体现出杨贵妃骄纵任性和放浪的性格内核。 京剧中的诸多旦角流派以及各地方剧种也有此剧的演出,但从流行程度而言均无法与梅兰芳相比肩,即便是曾有评论认为的“南欧北梅”(据称梅是美中见醉,欧是醉中见美)的欧阳予倩的版本亦未能真正流传下来详情
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